原料介绍｜桂花 (Osmanthus)

▎精油简介

桂花是木樨科桂花属的一个种，在中国栽培历史悠久，花簇生，银白色，盛开时香气浓郁，花冠四裂片，核果椭圆形成熟时转为黑色，但在台湾结果率极低。别称木犀、金木樨、九里杏、四季桂、岩桂等。象征顺利的仕途、荣华富贵。

战国时期，桂花不但被用来酿酒，也用来薰茶、薰衣，还提取香油作为各种用途的香料品，也称情人之花，男女恋爱时以馈赠桂花表达情爱。当时，韩国与燕国的君王往来时亦互赠桂花，以表君子友好之意。

桂花可食用，以赋予甜点天然香味而闻名。这种开花植物长期以来一直用于观赏目的。与桂花相关的当代文献大多集中在其食用价值和新物种的发现上，但往往忽略了其功能用途，桂花具有许多对人体健康有益的特性，其根、茎、叶、花、果均有药用价值，这些特点都记载在中医经典中，近年来关于桂花二次代谢物药用价值研究陆续地发表，并根据其性质和结构分为三类：黄酮类化合物、萜烯和酚酸。

▎成分解析

｜主要成分：苯基酯

α-紫罗兰酮、β-紫罗兰酮、芳樟醇、γ-癸内酯、γ-辛内酯、香叶醇、酯类等。

｜研究认证

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｜原料认证

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▎参考文献

1. Fu CC, et al. Secondary Metabolites of Osmanthus fragrans: Metabolism and Medicinal Value. Front Pharmacol. 2022. Jul 18;13:922204.
2. Wu L, et al. Exploration of Osmanthus fragrans Lour.'s composition, nutraceutical functions and applications. Food Chem. 2022. May 30;377:131853.
3. Wang B, et al. Traditional uses, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties of Osmanthus fragrans: A review. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022. Jul 15;293:115273.
4. Wang Z, et al. The complete mitochondrial genome of Osmanthus fragrans (Lamiales, Oleaceae) from China. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour. 2021. Jun 21;6(7):2056-2057.
5. Chen H, et al. Whole-genome resequencing of Osmanthus fragrans provides insights into flower color evolution. Hortic Res. 2021. May 1;8(1):98.
6. Liao X, et al. Identification and quantification of the bioactive components in Osmanthus fragrans roots by HPLC-MS/MS. J Pharm Anal. 2021.
7. Shi Y, et al. Genome-wide miRNA analysis and integrated network for flavonoid biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragrans. BMC Genomics. 2021. Feb 27;22(1):141.
8. Kong F, et al. Assessing the impact of climate change on the distribution of Osmanthus fragrans using Maxent. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021. Jul;28(26):34655-34663.
9. Zhang Y, et al. The Potential Protective Effect of Iridoid Glycosides Isolated From Osmanthus fragrans Seeds Against the Development of Immune Liver Injury in Mice. Front Pharmacol. 2021. Nov 8;12:760338.
10. Song HY, et al. Bioactivity-Guided Extract Optimization of Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Phillyrin. Plants (Basel). 2021. Jul 28;10(8):1545.
11. Fu J, et al. Transcriptomic analysis of flower opening response to relatively low temperatures in Osmanthus fragrans. BMC Plant Biol. 2020. Jul 16;20(1):337.
12. Jeong DE, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of phenylpropyl triterpenoids from Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus leaves. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020. Sep;86:106576.
13. Hozumi H, et al. Aromatherapies using Osmanthus fragrans oil and grapefruit oil are effective complementary treatments for anxious patients undergoing colonoscopy: A randomized controlled study. Complement Ther Med. 2017. Oct;34:165-169.

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