Trips during the holiday season. Before reaching your destination, you might experience fatigue and various discomforts on the way. So, on the eve of the holiday, let's discuss how to relieve motion sickness, boost energy, reduce fatigue, take personal precautions, maintain health, and quickly recover after a tiring journey.

Relieving Motion Sickness

① Boosting Energy, Calming the Nervous System

A considerable number of people experience motion sickness when traveling by car, train, or plane due to the swaying of the vehicle. It disrupts the balance signals sent by the vestibular system, causing motion sickness symptoms.

Some people carry fruits or peels with pleasant scents, such as lemons or oranges. We can also carry purer plant essential oils for inhalation (drip 1-3 drops on a handkerchief or tissue and inhale) to improve motion sickness and dizziness symptoms, helping to boost energy and stabilize the nervous system. Essential oils like lemon, sweet orange, peppermint, and tea tree have such effects.

◇ Recommended Single Essential Oils

Citrus limon
Loved for its refreshing, sweet, and slightly sour aroma, it can help boost energy, alleviate irritability, enhance focus, soothe emotions, and relieve headaches and migraines.

Citrus sinensis
Its refreshing aroma can help ease indigestion and feelings of nausea, providing significant relief both mentally and physically.

Myristica fragrans
Rich in menthol, peppermint has a cooling scent that can act as a brain stimulant, promoting alertness, and calming emotions.

② Calming Emotions, Promoting Peaceful Sleep

Besides staying alert and enjoying the scenery along the way, some people may choose to have a restful sleep during the journey to rejuvenate themselves. Trains and high-speed rail transport can be crowded and noisy, leading to irritability and discomfort. During such times, we can choose essential oils with calming and soothing effects for simple inhalation. For example, true lavender, frankincense, and sweet orange can enter the limbic system through the sense of smell, directly influencing our minds and emotions, improving restlessness before sleep.

◇ Recommended Single Essential Oils

True Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)
With its strong and sweet fragrance, it contains a high proportion of esters, providing excellent calming and soothing effects on the nervous system, alleviating fatigue.

Roman Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis)

Roman chamomile essential oil is used as a gentle sedative to calm the nerves and promote relaxation, facilitating healthy sleep and combating insomnia. Inhaling Roman chamomile reduces the stress response that leads to an increase in "corticosteroids" levels in the blood, helping to calm and improve sleep quality.

Litsea cubeba
Litsea has a lemony aroma with captivating herbal notes, known for uplifting the spirit and aiding relaxation. The volatile components in the oil can assist in sleep and reduce feelings of depression. Diffusing it can help alleviate tiredness.

③ Relieving Motion Sickness and Nausea

For those who are prone to severe motion sickness and vomiting, it is essential to ensure adequate sleep the night before departure and avoid overeating before the trip. Opt for light and easily digestible foods. Stay hydrated and maintain a regular eating schedule during the journey. You can bring easily portable staple foods like flatbreads, bread, fresh fruits like apples and pears for appetite stimulation and hydration. Preparing small portions of nutritious and delicious side dishes like sauced beef or braised eggs can also help improve appetite.

During the trip, try to minimize head movements and avoid looking at moving scenery outside the window. Staring at screens for prolonged periods on moving transportation can also cause discomfort like dizziness. It is best to avoid reading books or using mobile phones in dimly lit and complex environments.

For severe motion sickness, in addition to inhaling essential oils, you can also massage the Gong Sun acupoint (located on the inner edge of the foot, about 2 inches behind the big toe) to help alleviate the feeling of nausea.

Public Space Personal Protection

Many people may get sick after long rides on public transportation. This could be due to decreased immunity from travel fatigue or being exposed to sick passengers nearby. Additionally, sitting near the aisle may expose you to infectious individuals moving around.

Especially during the current period of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is crucial to take personal protective measures while traveling to return home safely. During the journey, you can inhale essential oils like Melaleuca quinquenervia, Lavender, Tea Tree, and Eucalyptus globulus to help protect against respiratory infections.

◇ Single Essential Oil Recommendations

Niaouli (Melaleuca quinquenervia)
Slightly bitter with a sweet camphor and eucalyptol scent, strong aroma. Its main component, eucalyptol, has antimicrobial properties and aids in respiratory system regulation and addressing allergic bronchial issues. It also contains pinene, which provides mucosal protection.

Eucalyptus globulus

Instantly refreshing with a strong scent of fresh grass, primarily composed of eucalyptol, which helps eliminate mucus, acts as an expectorant, and has anti-inflammatory effects, benefiting the respiratory system.

Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia)
A refreshing and spicy leaf scent, mainly composed of terpinene-4-ol, which helps repel germs and provides respiratory system support. It also contains pinene, offering mucosal protection. Tea Tree promotes mental clarity, anti-mucositis, nerve strengthening, and soothing effects.

In addition to inhaling the oils, using antiviral protective masks with plant essential oil molecules can enhance respiratory immune function and effectively kill bacteria and microorganisms, deactivating over 99% of influenza and norovirus (tested and certified by the US SITU Biosciences Laboratory and SGS International Accreditation Institution), with a bacteria inhibition rate of up to 99%.

Alleviating Fatigue and Reviving Energy

During holidays, traffic jams are inevitable, and prolonged sitting can strain your lumbar muscles and ligaments. You can alleviate back pressure by adjusting the seat, adding a small soft cushion to support the lower back's natural curve, etc. Prolonged inactivity increases the risk of blood clots, so it's advisable to stand up and stretch your legs every 2 to 4 hours while at service areas or in train compartments. If you feel physically fatigued, massaging and pressing the "Zusanli" acupoint (located about 10 cm below the outer eye of the knee) can help relieve tiredness.

After reaching your destination, soaking your feet in warm water can promote blood circulation. Add 5 to 8 drops of Ginger essential oil emulsified in a foot bath, soak for 15 to 20 minutes, and combine with massaging the "Zusanli" acupoint to help improve blood circulation and alleviate symptoms like fatigue and muscle soreness. You can also use a blend of essential oils for better results.

Foot Bath Essential Oil

✱ This formula is not suitable for pregnant women

【Fatigue Relief Formula】

8 drops of Ginger + 5 drops of Cardamom + 7 drops of Bergamot + 1 drop of Cinnamon Leaf + 1 drop of Ravintsara

【Usage Suggestions】

After blending the essential oils, mix them with 3 to 5 times the amount of whole milk and emulsify before pouring into the foot bath. Individuals with cardiovascular diseases, varicose veins, venous thrombosis, and those taking anticoagulant medications should avoid foot baths.

Long-Distance Travel Tips

1. When taking long-distance transportation, choose loose-fitting clothes from underwear to outerwear to reduce discomfort since you'll be sitting most of the time in confined spaces. Also, keep an eye on the weather and adjust clothing accordingly to avoid discomfort due to temperature changes.

2. Long-distance driving may lead to traffic jams, making it inconvenient to replenish food. Therefore, prepare easily storable and energy-boosting snacks like compressed biscuits, beef jerky, instant noodles, etc. Carry enough drinking water to stay hydrated and prevent headaches due to dehydration.

3. When driving, avoid fatigue by resting every 2 to 3 hours at service areas. Look into the distance to avoid eye fatigue and perform simple full-body movements like neck twists, waist twists, and leg stretches to protect your lumbar spine.

｜Some images sourced from the internet. Contact for copyright removal.｜

這篇文章 Journey with Tranquility: Essential Oils Tips for Comfort and Peace of Mind During Travel 最早出現於 樸真精油专家。

It is well known that the aroma of essential oils can have an impact on the human nervous system. Through the sense of smell, the aroma quickly reaches the brain, allowing the nervous system to regulate the functioning of vital processes and senses, promoting a state of balance in the body. It can also generate a sense of tranquility or pleasure, leading to emotional healing.

The human nervous system can be divided into two parts: the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord and controls our behavior, thinking, and memory; and the peripheral nervous system, which includes the autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system.

The somatic nervous system is associated with motor and sensory nerves, while the autonomic nervous system regulates our bodily functions such as respiration and heartbeat autonomously, without conscious control. It maintains our basic life activities, including heartbeat, respiration, sleep, as well as functions like blood circulation, body temperature, digestion, endocrine system, immune system, and metabolism.

The autonomic nervous system is further divided into two parts: the sympathetic nervous system is activated when the body is engaged in activities, feeling stressed, or under pressure. It is responsible for excitement, increasing heart rate, and respiration. On the other hand, the parasympathetic nervous system starts working when the body is in a resting, relaxed, or sleep state. It helps us calm down, slows down heart rate and respiration, and allows us to have restful sleep.

The autonomic nervous system functions with the cooperation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. When the sympathetic nervous system is healthy and functioning well, it transitions smoothly to the parasympathetic nervous system. This allows us to enter a state of deep and restful sleep at night and naturally return to the sympathetic nervous system in the morning, feeling energized. This creates a positive cycle of regulation.

When the autonomic nervous system is imbalanced, it can lead to various discomforts such as insomnia, weakened immune system, headaches, sensitivity to light, temporomandibular joint disorder, tension headaches, pain in the shoulders, neck, and back, rapid heartbeat, chronic fatigue syndrome, abnormal blood pressure, and reproductive dysfunction. The overall state of health deteriorates. An imbalanced autonomic nervous system affects the body's metabolism, digestion, endocrine balance, and sleep, resulting in accelerated aging on a physical level and anxiety, depression, and insomnia on a mental level.

【The Influence of Essential Oils on the Nervous System through the Sense of Smell】

Essential oils are commonly used in incense, inhalation, massage, or in combination with skincare products. In each method of use, essential oils act on the human body through the "olfactory system." The diffused fragrance in the space primarily serves as a mental therapy, improving negative moods such as depression, negativity, and discouragement. Inhalation can be used to treat different conditions, such as relieving high blood pressure and respiratory diseases.

▎The Influence of Smell on the Nervous System

Smell is one of our five senses and allows us to detect and identify odor molecules in the air. The olfactory epithelium in the nose contains millions of chemical receptors that detect odors. When we inhale, the chemical substances in the air dissolve in mucus. Odor receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium detect these odors and transmit signals to the olfactory bulb. These signals are then sent along the olfactory pathway to the olfactory cortex in the brain, where the signals are processed.

The olfactory cortex is crucial for processing and perceiving smells. It is located in the frontal lobe of the brain and is responsible for organizing sensory input. The olfactory cortex is also part of the limbic system, which is involved in our emotions, survival instincts, and the process of memory formation. It is connected to other limbic system structures such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. The amygdala is involved in forming emotional responses, especially fear responses, the hippocampus indexes and stores memories, and the hypothalamus regulates emotional responses and influences our autonomic nervous system and endocrine system.

The connection between our sense of smell and emotions is different from other senses. The neural pathway of the olfactory system is directly linked to the brain structures of the limbic system. Therefore, smell can evoke specific memories associated with odors, trigger positive and negative emotions, and also influence our behavior. It serves as a bridge between sensory stimuli (such as smell) and our memories and emotions within the limbic system.

▎The Influence of Essential Oils on the Nervous System

Through the process of inhaling essential oils, natural plant oils such as rose, ylang-ylang, bergamot, and frankincense have a balancing effect on our autonomic nervous system. For example, essential oils like rose and ylang-ylang can help increase serotonin and dopamine levels, which can alleviate depression, promote happiness, and enhance a sense of well-being. They can also affect the adrenal glands through the pathway of the hypothalamus and influence the regulation of cortisol, the stress hormone, helping to cope with life stress while avoiding an excessive accumulation of stress hormones that can lead to obesity. Some essential oils can also affect the digestive system through the vagus nerve, the tenth cranial nerve, helping to maintain a healthy balance. Cinnamon essential oil, for instance, can relieve anxiety by inhibiting the NF-kB protein. From this, it can be seen that essential oils regulate the nervous system through multifaceted mechanisms to achieve balance.

▎Open Access to Experimental Data

By comparing the states of individuals during running exercises (activation of the sympathetic nervous system) after observing and comparing "no inhalation of essential oils," "inhalation of single essential oils," and "inhalation of blended essential oils," it was found that the "no inhalation of essential oils" group showed relatively high activation of the sympathetic nervous system and low activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. The groups that inhaled sandalwood essential oil and the group that inhaled a blend of sandalwood and lavender essential oils showed a significant decrease in sympathetic nervous system activity and an increase in parasympathetic nervous system activity. The effect was more pronounced in the group that inhaled the blend of sandalwood and lavender essential oils.

From the data obtained from the single essential oils, it was observed that some essential oils have the effect of stimulating the sympathetic nervous system or activating the parasympathetic nervous system, but the effects of blended essential oils were more pronounced. The ratios of essential oil blends require numerous experiments conducted by aromatherapists, experts in natural product chemistry, and researchers to achieve the optimal proportions and maximize the effects.

Beyond the commercial interests of our brand, Pure Truth aims to promote academic development through scientific experiments and data analysis. We strive to find the golden ratio that can balance the autonomic nervous system, leading to further advancements in the field of neuroscience and achieving the goal of holistic well-being.

References

[1] Walliczek-Dworschak, Ute, and Thomas Hummel., 2017
[2] Lizarraga‐Valderrama, Lorena R., 2021
[3]Effect of aromatherapy on autonomic nervous system regulation with treadmill exercise-induced stress among adolescents,Pin-Hsuan Lin,Yuan-ping Lin,Kai-Li Chen,Shang-yu Yang,Yin-Hwa Shin,Po-Yu Wang Published:April 13,2021

｜Some images sourced from the internet. Contact for copyright removal.｜

這篇文章 Principles and Effects of the Influence of Plant Essential Oils on the Human Autonomic Nervous System and Emotions. 最早出現於 樸真精油专家。

The New England Journal of Medicine

In 2007, The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) published a paper titled "Prepubertal Gynecomastia Linked to Lavender and Tea Tree Oils." This paper immediately caused panic among numerous essential oil enthusiasts.

However, this 2007 paper did not confirm that lavender and tea tree oils are endocrine disruptors. The study had only three subjects (boys aged 4, 7, and 10), which is a small sample size and cannot represent all young males. It is said that these boys used a "certain product" containing lavender or tea tree oil, but the paper did not mention whether this product also contained other synthetic chemicals such as parabens, artificial fragrances, and phthalates, which are known estrogenic substances and endocrine disruptors.

Researchers tested the effects of lavender and tea tree oils by placing human cells in a culture dish and detected a certain level of estrogenic activity. However, this could be due to the use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent to dilute the oils, which is also a known estrogenic substance.

Furthermore, the study did not indicate the purity of the essential oils used by the boys. If the oils came from unreliable sources, they might have been adulterated or contaminated with other chemicals (some essential oil manufacturers process their oils to ensure consistency in chemical composition for each batch), which could also be endocrine disruptors.

This paper received many criticisms, including four "to the editor" letters protesting the publication of this study for its lack of rigor. The authors later responded, acknowledging the lack of rigor in the paper but still hoping to explore and avoid other causes that may contribute to precocious puberty.

Better Research Disproves Estrogenic Effects of Lavender and Tea Tree Oils

Now we can disregard the 2007 NEJM paper as it has weak connections in many aspects. Let's look at some specific studies that use standardized estrogen testing criteria and larger sample sizes.

A 2014 paper published in the Journal of Reproductive Toxicology demonstrated that lavender oil does not have estrogenic effects, even at concentrations 30,000 times higher than the estimated average concentration in cosmetics containing lavender oil. Multiple studies have also confirmed that tea tree oil does not have estrogenic effects.

The Issue of Premature Puberty Caused by Periodic Hype around Essential Oils

In 2015, the Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health reported a case of a 14-month-old female infant who developed breast development (one of the characteristics of precocious puberty) due to the use of wet wipes, bath products, shampoo, lotion, and soothing cream containing lavender oil. During the examination, estradiol levels were normal and not elevated, but there were slight elevations in alpha-fetoprotein and prolactin, which are markers related to lactation. After discontinuing the use of products containing lavender, the breast development resolved, and the levels of alpha-fetoprotein and prolactin returned to normal. Additionally, some laboratory studies have found that lavender oil can have estradiolic effects but cannot increase estradiol concentration in the blood.

Then there are the papers from 2016 and 2019.

These case reports, like the 2007 NEJM paper, do not mention whether the "certain product" containing lavender oil also contained other known estrogenic substances and endocrine disruptors such as parabens, artificial fragrances, and phthalates. Moreover, it is unknown whether they were affected by other environmental hormones.

Claiming this connection based on individual case reports and cell experiments cannot be considered as a rigorous conclusion. Moreover, both of them have not undergone review by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) for human testing, which means this research does not establish a link from basic to clinical research. For a more rigorous study, it should involve human trials to directly confirm whether the use of essential oils leads to premature puberty and affects estrogen levels. Of course, this also involves ethical considerations in research.

Endocrine Disruptors

The endocrine system is a complex collection of different glands in the body that directly secrete various hormones into the bloodstream. These hormones are then transported through the blood to target organs that require them. The hormones produced by the endocrine system are responsible for regulating metabolism, growth and development, cellular functions, sexual functions, sleep, emotions, and more. Any imbalance in the endocrine system can lead to dysfunction in certain organs and consequently result in diseases. The factors causing imbalance in the endocrine system are known as endocrine disruptors. Due to advancements in technology, many endocrine disruptors are actually synthetic, man-made substances, often referred to as "environmental hormones."

Common Environmental Hormones

Diseases Caused by Endocrine Disruptors

1. Failure of testicles to descend into the scrotum in young males
2. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children
3. Impaired neurodevelopment in children
4. Thyroid disorders
5. Prostate cancer in males
6. Breast cancer and uterine fibroids
7. Sexual dysfunction
8. Premature puberty

Essential Oils Listed as Suspected Endocrine Disruptors

Apart from lavender and tea tree oils, clary sage and thyme essential oils have also been listed as suspected endocrine disruptors. Outdated studies claimed that clary sage and thyme essential oils should not be used for cancer treatment because they were found to have estrogenic effects. However, we now know that these essential oils, just like tea tree and lavender, do not mimic estrogen and therefore are not endocrine disruptors.

In fact, a study published in the Journal of Phytotherapy Research in 2014 examined 22 postmenopausal women and found that inhaling clary sage essential oil reduced cortisol levels by 36% and improved thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. As for thyme essential oil, a report published in the Journal of Experimental Biology and Medicine demonstrated its ability to balance progesterone levels in the blood.

Conclusion with Traditional Chinese Medicine

Does essential oil really cause premature puberty? This question is similar to the doubts raised about the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). TCM is often the precursor of hormones but is not equivalent to hormones themselves. TCM has been clinically proven to improve premature puberty, and there are scientific papers supporting this. The key is to correctly apply differential diagnosis and treatment in TCM.

There are no essential oils that actually contain hormones, but there are essential oils that can regulate hormone levels. We can even say that with proper usage and selecting products from reliable sources, using essential oils will not cause premature puberty!!!

• Hormone-like essential oils: Cypress, clary sage
• Stimulating hormones: Clary sage, jasmine attar (when used separately, the effect is not good)
• Estrogen-like: Clary sage
• Promoting progesterone: Vitex
• Similar to cortisone: European red pine, stimulates endocrine system (insulin, adrenal glands, gonads, etc.)

In reality, the regulation of hormones depends on the individual's constitution and the proper use of essential oils. True lavender is suitable for Yin-deficient constitutions, while tea tree oil is used for damp-heat constitutions. Clinical application of Chinese medicine aromatherapy is unlikely to cause excessive Yang energy. Many times, children with premature puberty have constitutions that involve excessive internal heat (commonly explained as high levels of "fire" in the body). It can be caused by dietary habits, such as frequent consumption of grilled, fried, spicy, and heat-inducing foods. Even if it's not related to snacking, it may still contribute to signs of premature puberty. The most easily overlooked aspect is emotions. Absorbing too much information can lead to premature mental maturity, and liver fire stirring up internal heat can also contribute to premature puberty."

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這篇文章 Does Essential Oil Cause Precocious Puberty? 最早出現於 樸真精油专家。

With the increasing awareness of anti-aging, urban women are gradually advancing towards anti-aging behaviors such as rejuvenation. Compared to the most commonly used anti-aging skincare methods, over 72% of respondents prefer the anti-aging effect of "antioxidation," and they are also choosing plant-based ingredients for their safety.

For more details on essential oils and anti-aging, please see - Essential Oils and Antioxidation: The Best Choice in the Sea of Beauty Product Efficacy.

【Consumers' New Ingredient Choice】

With the continuous upgrade of the beauty market and the constant iteration of effective products, consumers have become more mature. In terms of product ingredients, consumers have shifted from being "followers" to becoming diligent researchers, studying and understanding product ingredients, and then selecting suitable products based on their own skin conditions.

According to surveys and statistics, consumers generally tend to choose safer plant-based ingredients in beauty products.

【Advantages of Plant Extracted Essential Oil for Antioxidation】

In comparison to commonly known antioxidants such as vitamins, minerals, anthocyanins, resveratrol, carotenoids, and other chemically extracted compounds, plant extracted essential oils possess three unique advantages:

1、Powerful Antioxidant Effects

Free Radical Elimination: Phenolic components present in plant essential oils exhibit high reactivity towards peroxide free radicals, transferring lively hydrogen atoms to free radicals, thereby converting them into less active substances and eliminating them.

Transition metals such as Fe and Cu act as catalysts in many free radical production processes. Certain phenolic substances in plant essential oils contain two phenolic hydroxyl groups that can combine with these transition metals, forming relatively stable complexes and preventing metal-induced free radical generation.

2、Gentle Nourishing Power

Essential oils extracted from natural plants, after scientific formulation, not only have the ability to prevent infectious diseases but also combat bacteria, viruses, fungi, prevent inflammation, alleviate spasms, promote cellular metabolism and regeneration. They can also act on our respiratory system, circulatory system, skin system, and immune system.

Common examples：

Rose Essential Oil：Anti-wrinkle and moisturizing properties, reduces fine lines, replenishes estrogen, regulates endocrine system, and exhibits miraculous effects on menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, frigidity, and sexual dysfunction.

Jasmine Essential Oil：Conditions dry, aging, and sensitive skin, fades scars and stretch marks. Soothes nerves and has aphrodisiac effects. Relieves menstrual pain, promotes mammary gland secretion, and enhances breast fullness.

Lavender essential Oil：Possesses comprehensive hair care and cleansing effects, promotes cell regeneration, and balances sebum secretion. Additionally, it calms the nerves, relieves nervous tension, and provides a tranquil fragrance. A small amount used each time can promote sleep and bring about a beautiful mind and body during your nights.

3、Excellent Penetration Power

Deep Antioxidation: Essential oils exhibit lipophilic properties, easily dissolving in oils. The relatively short molecular chains of essential oils enable them to penetrate the skin easily, entering the body through the abundant capillaries beneath the subcutaneous fat layer.

【Common Single Essential Oils with Antioxidant Effects】

〖Lemon〗

Common Name: Lemon
Latin Name: Citrus limon
Major Origin: Italy
Plant Family: Rutaceae, Citrus genus
Plant Scent: Citrus scent, refreshing and fresh
Extraction Source: Fruit peel
Extraction Method: Cold pressing

Lemon essential oil is derived from Italy. It is a volatile oily liquid extracted from the lemon fruit peel through cold pressing. It is rich in components such as dl-limonene, γ-terpinene, α-pinene, E-citral, and has excellent antioxidant properties. It also has effects such as refreshing, antimicrobial, lowering blood lipid levels, and whitening. [1][5]

The phenolic compounds, terpenes, and alcohol compounds in volatile plant essential oils can block the free radical chain of oxidation reactions to some extent, and can also eliminate DPPH free radicals. For example, the non-conjugated dienes contained in gamma-terpinene can directly eliminate DPPH free radicals.[6]

〖Orange〗

Common Name: Orange
Latin Name: Citrus sinensis
Important Production Area: Italy
Plant Family: Rutaceae, Citrus genus
Plant Odor: Fresh and sweet orange scent
Extraction Part: Fruit peel
Extraction Method: Cold pressing

Sweet orange essential oil is produced in Italy. The fruit peel of sweet orange is extracted through cold pressing, resulting in an oil that is rich in 1.02% limonene, 3.58% linalool, and 92.60% citral. It possesses certain antioxidant properties and can help moisturize, hydrate, and whiten the skin. [2][3][4]

〖Mandarin Red〗

Common Name: Mandarin Red
Scientific Name: Citrus reticulata
Major Origin: Italy
Plant Family: Rutaceae, Citrus genus
Plant Aroma: Sweet and refreshing aroma of mandarin orange
Extraction Part: Peel
Extraction Method: Cold-pressing

Mandarin red essential oil is produced in Italy and is obtained through the cold-pressing method. It is rich in compounds such as limonene (86.53%), linalool (6.41%), terpinolene (2.11%), and γ-terpinene (1.30%). Mandarin red essential oil exhibits strong antioxidant capabilities and is known for its ability to smooth skin wrinkles and alleviate stress. [2][5]

Mandarin red oil shows excellent removal effects on ABTS+▪ and DPPH▪, with a mass concentration (IC25) of 1.481 g/L and 24.824 g/L, respectively, when the removal rate is 25%. Limonene exhibits the best removal effect on O₂﹣▪, with a removal rate of 32.86% at a concentration of 0.8 g/L. [2]

Reference｜

[1]Zhang, B., Hou, X., Qin, Y., et al. (2015). Chemical composition, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of lemon peel essential oil. Food Industry and Technology, 36(5), 126-131.
[2] Chen, H., Zhu, K. (2021). Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of two citrus essential oils and their major components. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 41(4), 17-23.
[3] Li, J., Niu, Z., Yue, X., et al. (2019). Study on antioxidant components and abilities of sweet orange peel extracts from different regions. Food and Machinery, 35(9), 156-162.
[4] Wu, J., Yang, D., Li, S., et al. (2016). Chemical composition, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of sweet orange essential oil. Food Industry and Technology, 37(14), 148-153.
[5] Li, Y., Hou, B., Zhao, J. (2011). Study on antibacterial activities of citrus essential oils. Food Research and Development, 32(6), 190-192.
[6] Zhang, B., Hou, X., Qin, Y., et al. (2017). Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of major components in lemon peel essential oil. Food and Machinery, 33(12), 138-142.

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這篇文章 The Three Major Advantages of Plant Extract Essential Oils in Antioxidation 最早出現於 樸真精油专家。